10 Questions Everyone Secretly Has About Cruises, Answered
10 Questions Everyone Secretly Has About Cruises, Answered
Sergii Figurnyi/Shutterstock
https://www.fodors.com/news/photos/10-questions-everyone-secretly-has-about-cruises-answered
Where do they store all that food and wine?
Cruises are divisive. Travelers either love them and can’t get enough, or they hate the idea of staying in a floating hotel (or city). No matter which side you fall on, there are always questions that come to mind about this mode of travel. Interestingly, I was wondering about some of these things while I was on a cruise myself, while others popped up as I discussed the experience and spoke to others about their cruise vacations.
1 OF 10
Why don't more people fall overboard?
There are decks and balconies—all with high guardrails and glass—but an accidental stumble, a drunken shove, or a deliberate push can plunge you in the water. Since cruise ships rely on CCTV that may not be monitored, it requires someone witnessing the fall to trigger rescue. If it were to happen in the dark without people milling around, the chances of someone raising alarms would be minimal. Like this 2022 story of a man who fell overboard around midnight and his sister reported him missing the next day at noon. Spoiler alert: he survived 20+ hours in the Gulf of Mexico, but he was one of the lucky few.
Around 19 people fall overboard each year, and only four of those are successfully rescued. Survival depends on where they fell from, the impact with the cruise or the water, and the weather and water conditions. Truly, it is quite rare for this to happen. But with free-flowing alcohol in all-inclusive packages or just reckless behavior, it is a surprise that these incidents are not happening more frequently.
2 OF 10
Where do they store all that food and wine?
There’s a lot of food and wine onboard ships, more than you can imagine. It is all stored in rooms, freezers, and refrigerators under passenger areas, and staff use hallways and service lifts to transport it. On a 5,600-person cruise, such as MSC Bellissima, there are 1,500 crew members. People consume 36,000 eggs per week, 800 pizzas per day, 6,800 bottles of wine per week, and 15,000 croissants are baked per day. This cruise requires 15 trucks full of food for its Mediterranean itineraries.
Dry provisions and shelf products are bought in bulk before journeys, while ships also source fresh ingredients locally. It’s an enormous operation to feed thousands of people day after day on a cruise, and really commendable how they do this without passengers knowing what’s happening right under their noses.
3 OF 10
And come to think of it, where does all the waste go?
Depending on the size of the cruise, there is a lot of waste—solid and sewage—produced on board. A one-week cruise can generate about 50 tons of solid waste, including plastic and paper. A 3,000-person cruise generates 150,000 gallons of sewage per week (enough to fill 10 swimming pools). Cruise ships have water treatment plants on board to treat this water and release it into the ocean at least three nautical miles away from land. Solid waste is also separated and disposed of at shores, while there may also be incinerators on board to dispose of waste. However, cruise ships are known to pollute waters and have been fined millions for breaking laws.
4 OF 10
Why can’t you just leave?
Naively, I thought on my first international cruise that you could just leave if you hated it. Turns out, that’s not as easy as packing up and taking a flight home. Unless there’s an emergency or someone is sick, disembarking permanently from a port of call midway through the cruise is a long process. In some cases, depending on local laws, it may not be allowed. Passengers are not allowed to cut short their trip on a whim; in fact, on many cruises, you don’t even have your passport on hand to just take off.
5 OF 10
How many clothes do people pack?
There are shorter itineraries from the U.S., but if you’re going on an international multi-week journey, you need to be prepared. Some cruises are informal and chill, but many have dress codes, formal restaurants, and upscale events, and you need appropriate attire for them. If you’re going to be at sea for weeks, you either need to bring a massive suitcase (or two) with essentials, or go shopping at each port and lug everything home. I did the latter because I did not realize dress codes would apply. And then I did laundry every few days to keep up!
6 OF 10
Why are so many crew members from the Philippines?
Cruise ships run like well-oiled machines, and their success is due to hundreds of staff members who work tirelessly for weeks or months at a time—some hidden from the guests. But the disparity on cruises can’t be ignored: Americans account for more than half of the cruise market, while one-third of the global cruise work force is from the Philippines. Other nationalities that dominate the workforce are Indian, Indonesian, and Eastern European.
On a typical cruise, there’s one crew for every 2-3 passengers; this ratio becomes 1:1 on luxury cruises. A major objection that people have against cruises—apart from the environmental concerns—is its treatment of its workforce. Those at the bottom of the food chain have harsh living and working conditions (with 10-12 hour-workdays seven days a week for months). They are also not as handsomely paid as captains or managers, who are typically from wealthier nations.
Even if you enjoy cruises—no judgment, they are lovely for many reasons—you should still question why companies hire from countries where people may have fewer reasons to turn them down.
7 OF 10
Where do the crew sleep, work, eat, and chill?
There are neighborhoods on deck that guests are not aware of, and this is where you’ll find the employees. Crew cabins look very different from guest cabins. For one, they are windowless. There are no balconies either because they are below deck. Moreover, most staffers share their tiny rooms with bunk beds. Crew members have their own rest and chill areas away from the guests’ eyes—there is a hallway called I-95 (named after the American highway) where carts and crew run around. The mess has a wide variety of options, and the dishes reflect the multinational and multicultural employees. Some cruise ships have dedicated areas for crew to lounge around, including pools, gym, cafes, and bars.
8 OF 10
Is there a morgue and a jail?
Hopefully, most guests will not see either, but all cruises have a morgue and a jail. Millions of passengers travel on cruises each year, including those with illness and the elderly. Accidents can happen, while the pandemic has proved that infections spread quickly in close quarters. So, a morgue has its place on board. It’s a stainless steel room, which keeps a body safe until it can be repatriated, which may not be until the end of the journey.
Jails, similarly, are a necessity when these vessels spend days at sea. With no local authorities or jail, the brig is the next best thing for unruly passengers or those who may have committed serious crimes. It’s just a room with a bathroom that may be used by the crew, on the captain’s advice, to detain a passenger until law enforcement can take charge.
9 OF 10
What do sober people do?
Cruises have a reputation for their drink packages. When it’s all-inclusive, it is part of every meal and activity. When I was cruising, we went to see performances with flutes of champagne offered at the door. Servers dutifully filled up wine glasses at dinner, and pre-dinner drinks were also planned onboard. But the kicker was: I rarely drink. When so many experiences are centered around alcohol, it’s easy to indulge. Especially when the destination is promoted as a party hub. Which means that teetotalers might find themselves to be the odd ones out.
Sober travel has picked up steam in recent years, and millennials and Gen Z are not drinking as much as the previous generations. In fact, there are also sober cruises being offered to small groups, and there are wellness-focused cruises that cater to a mindful clientele. Also good to know that many cruises also host AA meetings to support guests.
10 OF 10
Why don’t cruises stay docked for longer?
Port calls are infuriatingly short. Even when the cruise is docked early in the morning, port authorities perform inspections and only then allow you to disembark for your day out. You get a few hours at a destination if you’re not staying overnight because the cruise has an all aboard time, which is at least an hour before departure. On days I did not have excursions and wanted to go out, I found myself rushing to see the sights and wished that there were at least a few days to see some places.
But this involves logistics. On port days, cruises have to close shopping and casinos, so people spend less money onboard. Staying in port costs cruise companies money (taxes to local governments, too), and they need busy ports to offer them space to dock. Plus, fuel is expensive, and cruises will burn through a lot of it—even with just auxiliary power—when docked. In general, it’s more lucrative to be on the go.
No Cars, No Pets, No Wi-Fi: Welcome to Peru’s Most Unusual Islands
Saiko3p/Shutterstock
https://www.fodors.com/world/south-america/peru/experiences/news/lake-titicacas-peruvian-islands-where-ancient-traditions-survive
Explore the Peruvian islands of Lake Titicaca, where the Uros, Amantani, and Taquile communities preserve centuries-old traditions and ways of life.
The Incas considered Lake Titicaca the sacred birthplace of the universe and their people. According to one of many oral histories, Manco Capac—the first ruler of the Incas—and his sister, Mama Ocllo, emerged from Lake Titicaca and headed north with a golden staff given by the Sun God. They were to find a place where the golden staff sank into the land and establish a settlement there. The place they found was Mount Guanacaure in the Acamama Valley, which encompasses present-day Cusco and is known as the roots and heart of the Inca civilization.
Spanish conquistadors of the 16th century came to the lake chasing rumors of sunken treasure. They quickly turned their attention to the islands that populated the water, evangelizing the locals and extracting resources. But the story of the lake predates the Incas and the Spanish: Many pre-Inca societies—like the Uro, the Aymara, and the Quechua—occupied the islands and resisted the conquests, with varying degrees of success. Visit these islands today, and notice that traditional ways of life have been adapted to the harsh conditions of the lake in the Andean altiplano (the high-altitude plateau) and persisted through the centuries.
The Uros Islands
Straddling the Bolivian and Peruvian Andes, 12,507 feet above sea level, Lake Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in the world. During the South American winter, the climate is harsh, with the sun strong enough to cause burns and daily temperatures ranging from freezing to hot.
Most visitors arrive at Lake Titicaca in the last stretches of a multi-day tour that includes Cusco and Machu Picchu, with ample time to adjust to high altitude. Opting for a local tour operator like Alpaca Expeditions is the easiest way to traverse the mountainous landscape of southern Peru in one go, without needing to coordinate permits, lodgings, and transportation.
From the Peruvian side, the excursions to the islands begin from the port city of Puno. Boats are docked on the mossy green banks, where ducks, black pigs, and guinea pigs roam wild. From there, a short boat ride out into the water reveals swaths of light brown totora reeds and signs that advertise the lake’s occupants: “Bienvenidos a Uros.”
The story of the Uros is one of survival. It is said that during the distant pre-Incan times, the Uros emerged from the Amazon and, oppressed by the locals, took to the shores and the marshes of the lake for refuge. When the Incas came, the Uros retreated deep into the lake by creating buoyant, mobile islands from totora reeds. The remoteness of their islands enabled them to largely avoid the Spanish invaders and continue their way of life. Only in 1986, when a series of storms devastated their islands, did they move closer to shore, anchoring their remaining floating islands near Puno and rebuilding new ones.
The totora reeds crunch underneath shoes, but they’re surprisingly plush, giving a slight buoyant bounce to each step. An average Uros island is about 2,500 square feet—roughly equivalent to a large single-family home in the United States—but the one I visited was much smaller and holds a handful of small, thatched huts. The dwellings themselves are also small, usually just enough to accommodate one mattress and the belongings of a small nuclear family. Solar panels are a common source of electricity, much more compatible with the dry, combustible foundations of the islands than diesel or coal.
The construction and maintenance of the islands are an ingenious marvel: Totora roots clump together to form the bases of the islands, which are then anchored to the lakebed with long, sturdy sticks of eucalyptus that prevent them from floating away. Every 15 days, the residents need to pile a new layer of totora on top of the preexisting ground, which requires physically lifting the small, thatched houses. A handful of men lift them up while the women put an extra layer of reeds on the base underneath. This work relies on a sense of cooperative reciprocity called “Ayni,” a pre-Inca philosophy that can be summed up as: “Today for you, tomorrow for me.”
But maintaining a traditional way of life on the Uros Islands is becoming more and more difficult. For centuries, the Uros have relied on lake-dwelling fish like karachi and trout for subsistence and trade; however, they face increasing environmental and legal challenges, from pollution and overfishing that reduce fish populations to laws prohibiting commercial fishing in the lake. The Peruvian government has given the Uros a special license to hunt for fish and waterfowl on lake grounds, but the allowance is limited to a subsistence level.
Ricardo Fidel Quispe, my guide to the islands, was born and raised in the Uros Islands. He left when he was just 12 years old, attended high school in Puno, and went on to become a tour guide. He believes the islands will eventually become like museums displaying how this group of people used to live. “The new generation finishes school in Puno, and usually, they don’t want to come back,” he said. “They have more economic opportunities on the mainland.”
As such, tourism and sales of handicrafts are crucial sources of cash needed to survive in the rapidly modernizing economy. The Uros women weave bright tapestries with symbols that tell legends of gods and stories of everyday life on the lake, making unique, storied souvenirs. Painted totora reeds are also used to craft small sculptures, often of boats with puma heads.
Such boats actually exist in real life: Large passenger boats—traditionally made from dried totora reeds, but now also made with wood, bamboo, and fiberglass to support more bodies on more frequent trips—featuring decorative puma heads ferry visitors between different Uros islands. During annual ceremonial events, these boats transform into centerpieces of tradition, but for everyday visitors, they are vessels for excellent panoramic views of the surrounding basin.
Amantani Island
About a three-hour boat ride east of the Uros Islands lies the island of Amantani, where around 4,000 inhabitants occupy 10 small communities. There are no commercial hotels or lodgings on Amantani Island. As such, almost all visitors to the island come via a rotating, community-regulated homestay program, in which a member of a designated community hosts a handful of visitors in their home.
During my visit, guests were hosted by select members of the Ocosuyo Community, whose women were identifiable by the black color of their skirts. The women were also in a constant rhythm of knitting, carrying bags of yarn on their wrists to use during small pockets of downtime. Ricardo explained that they observe the traditional moral code of the Incas: “ama sua, ama llulla, ama quella,” which translates to “don’t steal, don’t lie, don’t be lazy.”
Amantani has two sacred mountaintops: Pachamama, which symbolizes Mother Earth, and Pachatata, which symbolizes Father Cosmos. The highest point on the island is the top of Pachamama, at 13,550 feet above sea level, but the peak of Pachatata, sitting at about 13,517 feet above sea level, is also high enough to trigger a mild altitude-induced headache. Still, a climb up to one of the peaks is a must to witness the ruins of pre-Inca temples and the spectacular panoramic sunset. At the peak, visitors are encouraged to leave three coca leaves beneath a stone as an offering to the mountain spirits, whom the Amantani believe protect the island and its communities.
Agricultural terraces line the stone footpath up and down the mountain peaks, and if the time is right, you will be able to witness the drying of oca—lean Andean potatoes that are sweet to the bite—to make them last year-round. Ocas, along with quinoa, corn, and potatoes, are hardy, cold-resistant staples of the Andean altiplano, and constitute the majority of meals.
Infrastructural development is limited on Amantani. Because the island doesn’t have any large rivers, glaciers, or motorized irrigation, agriculture on Amantani is almost entirely reliant on the rainy season. There aren’t any hospitals; there is one infirmary, but no doctors, and most sicknesses are treated with natural medicines like coca and muña leaves, which grow abundantly over the stone walls. There are no cars or paved roads, though you may be able to spot an occasional scooter puttering past.
The lack of infrastructure translates to some hurdles for unprepared visitors. During the winter months, there is a limited supply of water, which means no available showers, and without heating, the tap water and the air are both icy. But there are ways to overcome this: wipes are handy before bed for self-cleaning, and you can layer on heavy alpaca blankets for insulation.
This environment also forces you to unplug. When the sun goes down, the stone footpaths of Amantani plunge into a darkness so complete that you need a flashlight to navigate. Without Wi-Fi or data connection, the only thing left to do is to sleep when the sun is down and rise when it is up. When was the last time you contemplated the dark, without distractions? On Amantani, you’re able to do so.
Taquile Island
From Amantani, it is a one-hour boat ride to the island of Taquile. Scaling the island is difficult because of its altitude (13,300 feet at the peak), but rewarding for its scenery: long, steep, and winding stone paths are lined with trees and peppered with pink cantutas, Peru’s national flower. Somewhere near the top, the main plaza appears against a sparkling backdrop of the lake. It houses Restaurant Comunal San Santiago, with white chairs and tables for picturesque alfresco dining, and the salmon-colored shop for the island’s artisan cooperative, Asociación Comunal de Artesanos San Santiago.
Handwoven textiles is the main, and most famed, industry on Taquile: In 2005, UNESCO designated the island’s craft a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. Inside the shop, an abundance of finely knit chullos (knitted hats with earmuffs), chumpi belts (often referred to as “calendar belts,” with 12 panels representing the months of the year), vests, gloves, and headbands are displayed, all of them individually labeled with a number that identifies the maker.
Despite the fame of its woolen textiles, no alpacas or llamas exist on the island; in fact, there are no pack animals of any kind, including donkeys and horses. While there has never been an explicit ban, centuries-old customs and the Incas’ moral code—“don’t steal, don’t lie, don’t be lazy”—equate the use of pack animals with laziness. This means that, to obtain alpaca wool and bones used for weaving, the residents head to communities on the mainland and exchange quinoa and potatoes for them.
Communal governance fiercely protects the traditional way of life on Taquile. They have banned personal pets like dogs and cats (with exceptions granted case-by-case, to some members’ discontent and others’ happiness), as well as motorized vehicles. That is likely why the island is uncommonly tranquil: The only sounds emanate from the sea, the swaying of dry corn stalks, and the shuffling of feet on steep stone slopes. Tourism opportunities and responsibilities are shared: Restaurant Comunal San Santiago is managed by a rotating roster of local families, so that the income is distributed as evenly as possible across the island’s residents. On the day of my visit, the restaurant offers a flavorful quinoa soup, followed by a savory grilled lake trout served with rice and potato chips. After a bout of high-altitude exertion, there is nothing better for the stomach.
Though not required by any formal decrees, the locals maintain their traditional clothes, which come with a specific symbolism: the island’s leaders wear black fedoras over colorful chullos; the unmarried men wear a long beanie-like hat, switching the side they let their hats trail once they graduate high school. The elaborately patterned Chumpi belts, worn by all men and woven by women, can show family lineage and individual milestones through specific ancestral iconography. Married women have small pom poms and black skirts, while the unmarried have big pom poms and colorful skirts. These garments are a crucial part of their identities and how they relate to one another.
Traditional garments worn during festivals, however, are much more colorful, layered, and flamboyant. One of the island’s biggest celebrations is the San Santiago Festival, held from late July to early August. For tourists who visit outside of this period, the locals put on a smaller show, complete with drums and flutes.
Change feels inevitable here, too. Children are frequently sent to the mainland to study and work, and they often settle there. When they return home for special holidays, they’re easily distinguishable by their jeans and sneakers and other accoutrements of globalization. It’s tempting to wonder whether we’ll all eventually converge to the same fate, dressing and eating and thinking the same things.
Still, many young adults with immense cultural pride in their communities do return to the island aiming to manage its cooperative tourism model. Balancing tradition with change feels like an impossible task, but residents of Uros, Amantani, and Taquile islands have shown that there are ways for them to coexist and evolve together.
Customizable experiences are key to capturing guest spend, hoteliers say
Hotels at all levels can capitalize better on guest intent
(Getty Images)
https://www.costar.com/article/1936691753/customizable-experiences-are-key-to-capturing-guest-spend-hoteliers-say
By Dan Kubacki
The hospitality industry is constantly chasing how to provide and profit from the experiences today's travelers are seeking, whether that's Instagram-worthy moments or standout levels of service.
Reaching a hotel's core guest segment and delivering on that experiential promise is a daily challenge. Agnelo Fernandes, CEO of Cote Hospitality, said too often hoteliers try to quantify their hotel's experiential value by just looking at their on-property amenities.
"The amenities like the pool, like the spa, like the restaurant, they're not going anywhere. ... But the experience is something that people are going to take away," he said during a panel at the recent Hotel Data Conference. "So we focus a lot of time on figuring out how people feel once they experience what we put together. It's never easy, and we keep making tweaks."
Cote's resort portfolio includes the Grand View Lodge in northern Minnesota and the Tanque Verde Ranch in Tucson, Arizona.
Aiming for personalization for each hotel guest might be a better target for hoteliers, Fernandes added.
"In today's world, sometimes breakfast makes sense, and sometimes it doesn't. Sometimes we want to have horseback riding, and then we can scale it back to whether it's a three-hour horseback ride or just a half-hour ride," he said. "As we think about experiences, we want to make it intentional. We want to make it personalized, and then customize it to what the guest actually wants."
Keeping guests and their spend on property is also a common sticking point for hotels and resorts, but there are opportunities for bringing unique local programming to the hotel that can keep guests engaged, said Sara Masterson, president of Olympia Hospitality. Olympia develops and manages primarily independent hotels, many on college campuses or in historic locations.
She acknowledged that in many instances, guests will go off property to fully experience their location, and that's fine. But hotels can do their part to incorporate elements of the location into the on-property experience too, while capturing some additional wallet share.
"The more a property can partner [to offer] curated food offerings, or partner with a music venue, or make sure there's children's programming on-site ... the more that hotel can bring the location into their four walls, the higher likelihood it is you're going to retain that guest over a longer duration of their stay," she said.
How hotels fund these unique experiences is also top of mind industrywide. Most travelers are more aware of resort fees, which help fund amenities and additional hotel offerings. Hoteliers must be clear in how they communicate them to guests, said Deborah Surden, senior director of market management at Expedia Group.
"Are travelers seeing that fee come with value? And if they're not, they're not going to convert because now that everything is transparent, you have your hotel price point and your fee right upfront," she said. "It's going to be visible, and you have to make sure you articulate what's included to show value, or else it won't drive that conversion."
Despite his company raising resort fees at some of its hotels, Fernandes said there's been little to no pushback from leisure and transient guests because of transparency. Groups, however, make it a point when they're negotiating contracts.
"I know there's a lot of conversation about it. We've not seen any resistance as long as we are being very clear upfront and declaring what those fees entail," he said.
Nick Farrell, senior vice president and head of sales at Phunware, echoed Fernandes' sentiments about personalizing and customizing experiences to guests based on their travel intent.
"The real opportunity for hoteliers here is to look at where's your hotel position, how can you put things in front of them, and not just a list of amenities they can select to upsell, but you've got to really understand the intent of the traveler, whether they're coming for a Taylor Swift concert or they're coming for a family reunion or a sporting event," he said.
Importantly, this type of operational thinking isn't reserved for only higher-end hotels, Farrell added.
"You can get into it even as a select-service or a focused-service hotel," he said. "Think about why your hotel was built. Was it a business center? Was it near an arena? All those things can be harnessed to tap into. Why are your travelers coming? Why are you a fit for them, and then how can you merchandise your solution toward that?"
How a hotel markets itself goes a long way toward influencing a potential guest to convert that interest into a confirmed booking, Surden said. She added Expedia's consumer research has found that videos, not just photo galleries of a hotel or resort, have a bigger impact on customer acquisition.
"Seventy-one percent of travelers are influenced by video, a stark contrast versus static imagery at 24%. Think about it: Do you want to see a picture of the ocean, or do you want to see the rolling waves of that ocean?" Surden said. "And 59% of travelers say YouTube content directly helps shape their travel decision, which is key. So the key callout here is if you're still leaning on static imagery, you're starting your marketing strategy and inspiration with one hand tied behind your back. It's really important to lean into video now more than ever."
As more travelers book their stays closer to their time of arrival, there are certain patterns in the booking behaviors of last-minute hotel guests, Masterson said.
"The last-minute booker, from our experience, tends to be not price-sensitive but value-oriented, and so understanding is breakfast important to this guest? Is parking important to this guest?" she said. "Is that where they are perceiving value that maybe would have them select you over a competitor? Things like late check-out, early check-in, things that don't have to have a cost to the property, also can sort of ease some of the friction in a guest making a booking decision at the last minute."
Plus, short-term hotel bookings give travelers a sense of control and flexibility, Masterson added.
"People want flexibility, and eight to 14 days is still outside the weather window, which is like 24 hours. So if you can give people comfort that they can make a decision and then actually flex from that decision, the cancellations are actually very small as a percentage of the last-minute booker," she said.
The short-term hotel booking window is likely here to stay, Surden said.
"Travelers are more confident; they have more technology at their fingertips," she said. "They're using comparison tools. They're getting personalized recommendations. They are feeling really empowered with the shorter booking window, whether we want it to stay that way or not."
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